GENERAL REFERENCES
Adams, Matthew L., Designating U.S. Seacoast Fortifications: War Department General Orders and Letters from the Adjutant General, 1809-1950, 2000, self-published.
Berhow, Mark A., (editor), American Seacoast Defenses: A Reference Guide (2nd edition), 1999, 2004, The CDSG Press, McLean, Virginia.
Bial, Raymond, Building America: The Forts, 2002, Benchmark Books, Marshall Cavendish, Tarrytown, New York.
Colby, C. B., Historic American Forts: From Frontier Stockade to Coastal Fortress, 1963, Coward-McCann, Inc., New York.
Colton, Ray C., The Civil War in the Western Territories: Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah, 1959, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Council on America's Military Past, Headquarters Heliogram periodical, Nos. 273 and up, May-June 1999 to present, Sunbright, Tennessee.
Cowles, Calvin D., Capt. U.S. Army (compiler), The Official Military Atlas of the Civil War, 1895, 1983, reprint 2003, Barnes and Noble Publishing, Inc., New York.
Christensen, Carol, and Thomas Christensen, The U.S.-Mexican War: Companion to the Public Television Series, 1998, Bay Books, San Francisco.
Cromie, Alice, A Tour Guide to the Civil War, 1964, 1992 (4th edition, revised), Rutledge Hill Press, Inc., Nashville, Tennessee.
Field, Ron, Forts of the American Frontier 1820-91: Central and Northern Plains, 2005, Osprey Publishing, Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Field, Ron, Forts of the American Frontier 1820-91: The Southern Plains and Southwest, 2006, Osprey Publishing, Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Fifer, Barbara, Along the Trail with Lewis and Clark: 2004-2005 Travel Planner and Guide, 2004, Farcountry Press, Helena, Montana.
Floyd, Dale E., Defending America's Coasts, 1775-1950: A Bibliography, 1985, 1997 (2nd edition), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Office of History, Alexandria, Virginia.
Frazer, Robert W., Forts of the West: Military Forts and Presidios and Posts Commonly Called Forts West of the Mississippi River to 1898, 1965, 1972, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Grant, Bruce, American Forts: Yesterday and Today, 1965, E.P. Dutton and Company, Inc., New York.
Greguras, Fred, Spanish-American War Camps, 1898-99 Period, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVI, No. 3, Winter 2000.
Hafen, LeRoy R., (editor), French Fur Traders and Voyageurs in the American West, 1965, reprint 1997, Bison Books (University of Nebraska Press), Lincoln, Nebraska.
Hannings, Bud, A Portrait of the Stars and Stripes (Vol. I), 1988, Seniram Publishing, Inc., Glenside, Pennsylvania.
Hannings, Bud, A Portrait of the Stars and Stripes, Vol. II, 1991, Seniram Publishing, Inc., Glenside, Pennsylvania.
Hart, Herbert M., Old Forts of the Northwest, 1963, Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, Washington.
Hart, Herbert M., Old Forts of the Southwest, 1964, Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, Washington.
Hart, Herbert M., Pioneer Forts of the West, 1967, Bonanza Books, New York.
Hayes, Derek, Historical Atlas of the United States, with Original Maps, 2007, University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
Hearn, Chester G., The Illustrated Directory of the United States Marine Corps, 2003, Motorbooks International (MBI) Publishing Co., St. Paul, Minnesota.
Hinds, James R., and Edmund Fitzgerald, Bulwark and Bastion: A Look at Musket Era Fortifications with a Glance at Period Siegecraft, 1981, revised 1996, Pioneer Press, Union City, Tennessee.
Jones, David E., Native North American Armor, Shields, and Fortifications, 2004, University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas.
Kalman, Bobby, and David Schimpky, Fort Life, 1994, Crabtree Publishing Company, New York.
Kaufmann, J.E., and H.W. Kaufmann, Fortress America: The Forts that Defended America, 1600 to the Present (with 2004 Addendum on CD-ROM), 2004, Da Capo Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Lamar, Howard (ed.), New Encyclopedia of the American West, 1998, Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.
Lang, Walt, United States Military Almanac, 1989, Military Press (Crown Publishers, Inc.), New York.
Lewis, Emanuel Raymond, Seacoast Fortifications of the United States: An Introductory History, 1970, reprint 1993 (with corrections), Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland.
McDermott, John D., A Guide to the Indian Wars of the West, 1998, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska.
McGovern, Terrance, and Bolling Smith, American Coastal Defenses 1885-1950, 2006, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Moore, Robert J., Jr., and Michael Haynes, Lewis and Clark - Tailor Made, Trail Worn: Army Life, Clothing, and Weapons of the Corps of Discovery, 2003, Farcountry Press, Helena, Montana.
National Park Service, Trail of Tears National Historic Trail brochure, 1996.
Oklahoma Historical Society, A Guide to Trans-Mississippi Civil War Sites: NW Arkansas, SE Kansas, SW Missouri, and NE Oklahoma brochure, undated.
Prucha, Francis Paul, A Guide to the Military Posts of the United States, 1789-1895, 1964, The State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
The Reader's Digest Association, Inc., Explore America: Forts and Battlefields, 1997, Pleasantville, New York.
The Reader's Digest Association, Inc., Explore America: Historic Places, 1993, reprint 1995, Pleasantville, New York.
The Reader's Digest Association, Inc., Explore America: Our Living History, 1996, Pleasantville, New York.
Roberts, Robert B., Encyclopedia of Historic Forts: The Military, Pioneer, and Trading Posts of the United States, 1988, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.
Robinson, Willard B., American Forts: Architectural Form and Function, 1977, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (ed.), The Almanac of American History (Revised and Updated Edition), 1983, 1993, Barnes and Noble Books, New York.
Stuart, Gene, America's Ancient Cities, 1988, National Geographic Society, Washington.
Thorp, Daniel B., Lewis and Clark: An American Journey, 1998, Metro Books, New York.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Office of History, The History of the US Army Corps of Engineers, 1986, 1998 (2nd edition), Alexandria, Virginia.
United States House of Representatives, Permanent Fortifications and Sea-Coast Defences: Report of the Committee on Military Affairs, 1862, reprint 1998, The CDSG Press, Bel Air, Maryland.
United States House of Representatives, Report of the Board on Fortifications or Other Defenses, with Plates to Accompany the Report, 1886, reprint 2007, The CDSG Press, McLean, Virginia.
United States House of Representatives, Report of the Board of Review of the War Department to the Secretary of War on the Coast Defenses of the United States, the Panama Canal, and the Insular Possessions, 1916, reprint 2007, The CDSG Press, McLean, Virginia.
United States Senate, Report of the National Coast-Defense Board, 1906, reprint 2007, The CDSG Press, McLean, Virginia.
Utley, Robert M., After Lewis and Clark: Mountain Men and the Paths to the Pacific (previously titled A Life Wild and Perilous), 1997, reprint 2004, Bison Books (University of Nebraska Press), Lincoln, Nebraska.
Utley, Robert M., and Wilcomb E. Washburn, Indian Wars, 1977, reprint 1987, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
Weaver, John R., II, A Legacy in Brick and Stone: American Coastal Defense Forts of the Third System, 1816-1867, 2001, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Missoula, Montana.
Williford, Glen M., The Transitional Coast Defense Generation: American Seacoast Defenses of the 1870s, 2005, self-published.
Wishart, David J., The Fur Trade of the American West, 1807-1840, 1979, 1992 (2nd edition), Bison Books (University of Nebraska Press), Lincoln, Nebraska.
Wood, W. Raymond, Prologue to Lewis & Clark: The Mackay and Evans Expedition, 2003, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
ALASKA
Cohen, Stan, The Forgotten War: A Pictorial History of World War II in Alaska and Northwestern Canada, Vol. 1, 1981, reprint 2002, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Inc., Missoula, Montana.
Cohen, Stan, The Forgotten War: A Pictorial History of World War II in Alaska and Northwestern Canada, Vol. 2, 1988, reprint 2002, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Inc., Missoula, Montana.
Cohen, Stan, The Forgotten War: A Pictorial History of World War II in Alaska and Northwestern Canada, Vol. 3, 1992, reprint 2002, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Inc., Missoula, Montana.
Cohen, Stan, The Forgotten War: A Pictorial History of World War II in Alaska and Northwestern Canada, Vol. 4, 1993, reprint 2000, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Inc., Missoula, Montana.
The Milepost, 49th edition, 1997-1998, Vernon Publications, Inc., Bellevue, Washington.
Olson, Wallace M., A History of Fort Durham: Hudson's Bay Company Trading Post Located in Taku Harbor, 1840-1843, Within the Boundaries of Present Day Juneau, Alaska, 1994, Heritage Research, Juneau, Alaska.
Zink, Robert D., Forts of "Wherever" #22 - Alaska Defenses, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2, May 1998.
ARIZONA
1995 Arizona-New Mexico Highway Map, 1995, American Automobile Association, Heathrow, Florida.
Faust, David T., and Kenneth A. Randall, Life at Post: Fort Lowell, Arizona Territory, 1873-1891, in The Smoke Signal, No. 74, Spring 2002, Tucson Corral of the Westerners, Tucson, Arizona.
Fort Apache Agency, Arizona's Historic Forts of the Apache Wars brochure, undated.
Fort Lowell Museum, Plan of Fort Lowell, Arizona Territory, circa 1880 facsimile map.
Gardner, Mark, Fort Bowie National Historic Site, 1994, Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, Tucson, Arizona.
National Park Service, Fort Bowie National Historic Site brochure, 2000.
Yuma Crossing Foundation, Inc., Yuma Crossing Quartermaster Depot brochure, 1994.
ARKANSAS
1991 Official Highway Map, 1991, Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department, Little Rock, Arkansas.
Arkansas State Parks, Hampson Museum State Park brochure, 1992.
Arkansas State Parks, Parkin Archaeological State Park brochure, 1995.
Arkansas State Parks, Prairie Grove Battlefield State Park brochure, 1994.
Miller, Jay S., and Elwin Goolsby, The Red River Campaign in Arkansas, 1989. Arkansas State Parks, Little Rock, Arkansas.
National Park Service, Arkansas Post National Memorial brochure, 1991.
National Park Service, Fort Smith National Historic Site brochure, 1993.
National Park Service, Pea Ridge National Military Park brochure, 1997.
CALIFORNIA
Please see California Sources on separate page.
COLORADO
1993 Official Highway Map, 1993, Colorado Department of Transportation, Denver, Colorado.
Colorado Historical Society, Fort Garland brochure, undated.
Colorado Historical Society, Fort Garland Museum brochure, undated.
Colorado Historical Society, Fort Vasquez brochure, undated.
Delta, City of, Fort Uncompahgre Living History Museum brochure, undated.
National Park Service, Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site brochure, 1994.
Wilson, D. Ray, Colorado Historical Tour Guide, 1990, Crossroads Communications, Carpentersville, Illinois.
IDAHO
1996 Official Highway Map, 1996, Idaho Transportation Department, Boise, Idaho.
National Park Service, Nez Perce National Historical Park brochure, 1993.
IOWA
1997 Official Highway Map, 1997, Iowa Department of Transportation, Des Moines, Iowa.
KANSAS
1997 Official Highway Map, 1997, Kansas Department of Transportation, Topeka, Kansas.
Cunningham, Mary Jo, Crossroads of the USA: Fort Harker, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVI, No. 1, Spring/Summer 1999.
Kansas State Historical Society, Fort Hays brochure, undated.
Kansas State Historical Society, Historic Forts and Trails in Kansas map, 1996.
Linn County Museum, Border Wars: A Prelude to the Civil War brochure, undated.
National Park Service, Fort Larned National Historic Site brochure, 1994.
U.S. Army, Fort Riley, Historic Fort Riley brochure, undated.
U.S. Army, Fort Riley, Custer House - Quarters 24 brochure, undated.
MINNESOTA
1995 Official Highway Map, 1995, Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Minnesota Historical Society, Historic Fort Snelling brochure, undated (1993 ?).
MISSOURI
2005 Official Highway Map, 2005, Missouri Department of Transportation, Jefferson City, Missouri.
Cape Girardeau Convention and Visitors Bureau, Civil War Sites brochure, 2001.
Cape Girardeau Convention and Visitors Bureau, Driving Tour of Civil War Sites of Cape Girardeau brochure, undated (2005).
Jackson County Parks and Recreation, Fort Osage - Missouri Town 1855 brochure, 2005.
Kelly, Mark W., The Yellowstone Expedition: The American Military on the Missouri River, 1818-1820, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVII, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2000.
Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources, Battle of Lexington SHS, The Battle of Lexington handout, 1998.
Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources, Fort Davidson State Historic Site brochure, 1991.
Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources, Fort Davidson State Historic Site brochure, 2000.
Missouri Dept. of Natural Resources, A State Divided: Missouri and the Civil War, 2000.
National Park Service, Wilson's Creek National Battlefield brochure, 1999.
National Park Service, Wilson's Creek National Battlefield brochure, 2001.
Phelps County Historical Society, Rolla Historical Tour brochure, undated.
St. Louis County Parks, Fort Belle Fontaine brochure, undated.
St. Louis County Parks, Jefferson Barracks brochure, undated.
Sakurai, Gail, The Louisiana Purchase, 1998, Children's Press, Danbury, Connecticut.
Southeast Missouri Regional Planning and Economic Development Commission, The Civil War in the Southeast Missouri Region brochure, 2002.
Southeast Missouri Regional Planning and Economic Development Commission, The Trail of Tears in the Southeast Missouri Region brochure, undated.
MONTANA
1994 Official Highway Map, 1994, Montana Department of Transportation, Helena, Montana.
NEBRASKA
1993 Official Highway Map, 1993, Nebraska Department of Roads, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Buecker, Thomas R., The Paper Trail at Fort Robinson: Researching the History of a U.S. Military Post, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXIX, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2002.
NEVADA
1995 Official Highway Map, 1995, Nevada Department of Transportation, Carson City, Nevada.
Nevada State Historic Preservation Office, A Guidebook to Nevada's Historical Markers, 4th edition, 2003, Carson City, Nevada.
NEW MEXICO
1992 Official Highway Map, 1992, New Mexico State Highway and Transportation Department, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Caperton, Thomas J., and LoRheda Fry, Links to the Past: New Mexico's State Monuments, 1977, revised edition 1982, The Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Hartzler, Robert, Holding Down the Forts: The Army, Adobe, and Preservation, in Cultural Resources Management Bulletin No. 6, 1999, National Park Service, Washington, D.C.
National Park Service, Fort Union National Monument brochure, 1993.
National Park Service, Pecos National Historical Park brochure, 1992.
NORTH DAKOTA
1995 Official Highway Map, 1995, North Dakota Department of Transportation, Bismark, North Dakota.
OKLAHOMA
2005 Official Highway Map, 2005, Oklahoma Department of Transportation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Cunningham, Frank, General Stand Watie's Confederate Indians, 1959, reprint 1998, Red River Books, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Debo, Angie, The Rise and Fall of the Choctaw Republic, 1934, 1961 (2nd edition), Red River Books, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Faulk, Odie B., Kenny A. Franks, and Paul F. Lambert (eds.), Early Military Forts and Posts in Oklahoma, 1978, reprint 1990, Oklahoma Historical Society, Oklahoma City.
Fort Reno Visitors Center, 1999 Fort Reno Tombstone Tales booklet, 1999.
Fort Reno Visitors Center, The Buildings at Historic Fort Reno booklet, undated (1997 ?).
Friends of Historic Fort Reno, Historic Fort Reno brochure, undated.
Historic Fort Reno, Inc., Historic Fort Reno brochure, undated (2002 ?).
Historic Fort Reno, Inc., World War II German Prisoner of War Camp brochure, 2002.
Hoig, Stan, Fort Reno and the Indian Territory Frontier, 2000, The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Megow, Frank, The German and Italian Prisoners of War of the Fort Reno Post Cemetery, 2004, Historic Fort Reno, Inc., El Reno, Oklahoma.
Morris, John W., and Charles R. Goins, Edwin C. McReynolds, Historical Atlas of Oklahoma, Third Edition, 1965, 1976, 1986, Red River Books, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Nye, Wilbur S., Carbine and Lance: The Story of Old Fort Sill, 1937, 1942, 1969 (3rd edition), University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma.
Spencer, John D., The American Civil War in the Indian Territory, 2006, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
U.S. Army, Fort Sill, Fort Sill Museum brochure, undated.
OREGON
1996 Oregon-Washington Highway Map, 1996, American Automobile Association, Heathrow, Florida.
SOUTH DAKOTA
1997 Official Highway Map, 1997, South Dakota Department of Transportation, Pierre, South Dakota.
Johnson, Norma, Notes on the History of Fort Sisseton, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVIII, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2001.
Parker, Wilson, Military Posts of the Black Hills, in The Journal of America's Military Past, Vol. XXVIII, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2001.
TEXAS
1995 Official Highway Map, 1995, Texas Department of Transportation, Austin, Texas.
Gaines, William C., Temporary Harbor Defenses in the Southern Defense Command, 1942-1944, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1, Feb. 2002.
Manuel, Dale A., Fort St. Louis and La Salle's Ill-Fated Colony, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, Feb. 2003.
Manuel, Dale A., The Fortifications of Pelican Spit, Galveston Harbor, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 21, No. 1, Feb. 2007.
Manuel, Dale A., The Galveston Forts and the Storm of the Century, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2, May 2001.
Manuel, Dale A., Spanish-American War Batteries at Sabine Pass, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 16, No. 3, Aug. 2002.
Presidio La Bahia, Presidio La Bahia: The Fort of the Bay brochure, undated.
Stephen F. Austin State University, Stone Fort Museum brochure, undated.
Texas Historical Commission, Texas in the Civil War brochure, 2002.
Texas Historical Commission, Texas in World War II brochure, 2005.
Texas Historical Commission, Texas Forts Trail Region brochure, 2001.
Texas Historical Commission, Texas Independence Trail Region brochure, 2001.
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Sabine Pass Battleground State Historical Park brochure, 1995.
U.S. Army, Souvenir Booklet of the 197th Coast Artillery (AA), Camp Hulen, Texas, 1941.
Zink, Robert D., Forts of "Wherever" #18 - Forts of the U.S. Gulf Coast, Part II - Mississippi thru Texas, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, Feb. 1993.
UTAH
1995 Official Highway Map, 1995, Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Glick, Daniel, A Dry Red Season, in National Geographic Magazine, Vol. 209, No. 4, April 2006, National Geographic Society, Washington.
WASHINGTON
1996 Oregon-Washington Highway Map, 1996, American Automobile Association, Heathrow, Florida.
Blackburn, Marc K., The Establishment of the Coastal Defenses of Puget Sound, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 14, No. 2, May 2000.
Fort Nisqually Association, Fort Nisqually brochure, 1998.
Fort Worden State Park, Park Map, undated.
Franklin, Deborah, Boar War, in Smithsonian Magazine, June 2005, Smithsonian Institution, Washington.
Grobmeier, Alvin H., Fort Hayden, Washington - The Fort that Never Was, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 2, May, 1989.
Hagge, Greg, Coastal Defense in the Pacific Northwest, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 3, No. 2, May 1989.
Hagge, Greg, Sit-Rep: Defenses of Western Washington - October 1995, in The CDSG Newsletter, Nov. 1995.
Hagge, Greg, Trip Report: Fort Whitman, WA, in Coast Defense Study Group News, Vol. 6, No. 3, Aug. 1992.
Sims, Philip, The Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and Coast Defense, in The Coast Defense Journal, Vol. 15, No. 3, Aug. 2001.
Trust Board of Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve, Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve: A Driving and Bicycling Tour brochure, undated.
Zink, Robert D., Forts of "Wherever" #20 - The Columbia River and Western Washington, in Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 7, No. 4, Nov. 1993.
Zink, Robert D., Forts of "Wherever" #21 - The Straits of Juan de Fuca and Puget Sound, in The Coast Defense Study Group Journal, Vol. 9, No. 1, Feb. 1995.
WYOMING
1998 Official Highway Map, 1997, Wyoming Transportation Commission, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
Fort Laramie Historical Association, Fort Laramie National Historic Site brochure, undated.
MEXICO
Chartrand, René, The Spanish Main 1492 - 1800, 2006, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Jowett, Philip, and Alejandro de Quesada, The Mexican Revolution 1910 - 20, 2006, Osprey Publishing Ltd., Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Mexico TravelBook 1998 and Highway Map, 1997, American Automobile Association, Heathrow, Florida.
Naylor, Thomas H., and Charles W. Polzer (editors), Pedro de Rivera and the Military Regulations for Northern New Spain, 1724-1729: A Documentary History of His Frontier Inspection and the "Reglamento de 1729", 1988, The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona.
Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, El Ejército Mexicano, 1979, Mexico City.
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