Western North Carolina

Last Update: 12/APRIL/2008

Compiled by Pete Payette - Š2008 American Forts Network

Camp McCulloch
(1862), Jackson
A CSA camp.

Boone's Mill Earthworks
(1863), Jackson
A CSA two-gun battery was here. Earthworks may still remain near Boone's Millpond.

Garysburg Civil War Camps
(1861 - 1865), near Garysburg
Confederate training camps located in the area were:
Camp Anderson (2)
Camp Clarendon
Camp Ferebee (1), a cavalry camp.
Camp Hill (1) (1861)
Camp Leventhorpe (1)
Camp Long (1862)
Camp Vance (5) (1862 - 1865)
Camp Winslow (1), originally located across the Roanoke River near Halifax.

Weldon Civil War Camps
(1861 - 1865), Weldon
CSA camps included:
Camp Floyd (1864)
Camp Holmes (2) (1861)
Camp Pettigrew (1) (1861)
Camp Ransom (1) (1861)
Camp Robinson (1861)

Camp Macon
(1861), Macon
A CSA camp.

Camp Beauregard
(1861), Ridgeway
A CSA camp.

Camp Vance (7)
(1862), Kittrell
A CSA camp.

Camp Clark
(1861), Granville County
A CSA fortified cavalry camp located at Kittrell's Springs (location ?).

Civil War Defenses of Raleigh
(1861 - 1865), Raleigh
CSA training camps included:
Camp Badger (1) (1861 - 1865)
Camp Boylan (1861)
Camp Crabtree (1861), located on the Crabtree Plantation three miles west of town.
Camp Ellis (1861), located at the State Fairgrounds.
Camp Holmes (1)
Camp Mangum, located three miles west of downtown along the railroad.
Camp Dan Russell (1), originally CSA General Hospital 13 (Pettigrew Hospital). It became the Confederate Soldiers Home after Union occupation during Reconstruction. Located on US 64.
Camp Vance (8) (1863)
Camp Winslow (2)
Camp Wyatt (2)

Confederate earthworks were once located around the city in 1863. None remain, although a marker says that some do. There is a Battery Drive in the city.

Raleigh Arsenal
(1827 - 1907), Raleigh * MAP *
A state arsenal was located at the southwest corner of Union (Capitol) Square. Used by the Confederate government as an Ordnance Depot after 1862. No remains.
(thanks to Jonathan Harris for additional info)

Camp Bryan Grimes
(1898), Raleigh
A Spanish-American War state assembly and muster camp at the state fairgrounds. Also here was Camp Dan Russell (2).

Camp Polk
(1918 - 1919), Raleigh
An Army training camp for the Tank Corps, including a Tank School. Located at the state fairgrounds.

Civil War Defenses of Goldsboro
(1862), Goldsboro
CSA camps included:
Camp Clingman (2)
Camp Collier
Camp McIntosh
Camp McLean
Camp Mason (1)
Camp Vance (2)

Confederate earthworks (1863) are preserved at Mulberry and Claiborne Streets. Private property. They were once part of a four-mile line.

Fort Nooherooka
(1711 - 1713), Snow Hill
A Tuscarora palisaded stronghold that was taken by troops from South Carolina after a two year struggle. Afterwards they relocated to New York to join the Five Nations Confederacy. A marker is on the site on Contentnea Creek. Also spelled Nohoroco.

Snow Hill Civil War Camps
(1862 - 1863), near Snow Hill
Camp Ferebee (2) (1862 - 1863), a CSA cavalry camp located four miles from town.
Camp Robertson (1862 - 1863), a CSA cavalry camp located four miles from town, probably near Rainbow Creek southeast of town.
Camp Williams, a CSA camp.

Civil War Defenses of Kinston
(1861 - 1865), Kinston area
CSA camps included:
Camp Blackjack (1862 - 1865), located five miles east of town near Graingers.
Camp Campbell (1861)
Camp Daniel
Camp Hamilton
Camp Hilton
Camp Hoke
Camp Johnston, located near Hardison Crossroads on Falling Creek.
Camp Martin
Camp Nethercutt
Camp Pool (1862), located on Tower Hill Road near Georgetown. Earthworks consisting of a 50-yard semi-circular work with a 50-yard infantry trench, and several gun emplacements still exist along the north bank of the Neuse River. Seven guns were abandoned here when the Union attacked the town in December 1862.
Camp Ransom (2) (1863), located at Wyse Fork. Union earthworks (March 1865) still exist here.
Sandy Ridge Camp (1863), located near Dover on Old Dover Road.
Gum Swamp Fort (1863), located one mile west of Dover. A battle was fought here in January 1863.

Confederate earthworks (1862 - 1865) are well-preserved along the north bank of Southwest Creek near Woodington (private property), with two batteries on each end of the line. CSA earthworks also were once located along Southwest Creek in Caswell, and in South Kinston guarding the old railroad bridge across the Neuse river.

Bentonville Battleground (State Historic Site)
(1865), Bentonville
Union earthworks are still located here. There are also recreated Confederate earthworks here. Scene of battle in March 1865.

Averasboro Earthworks
(1865), near Averasboro
Confederate earthworks were once located about three miles south of town, about one-half mile east of marker on NC 82. Scene of battle in March 1865. Site is private property. Exhibits and history at the Averasboro Civil War Museum on NC 82.

North Carolina Arsenal
(Museum of the Cape Fear Historical Complex)
(1836 - 1865), Fayetteville
Also known as Fayetteville Arsenal. Captured by the CSA in 1861. Destroyed by General Sherman in March 1865. Ruins remain at Arsenal Park. The Fayetteville and Harpers Ferry (WV) Arsenals were the only southern Federal ordnance facilities not continued after the war due to heavy damage to the equipment and machinery.

Fayetteville Earthworks
(1865), Fayetteville
Confederate earthworks are located on the grounds of the VA Hospital near Ramsey Street. They were not used in the March 1865 battle.

Fort Bragg (U.S. Military Reservation)
(1918 - present), Spring Lake
A Regular Army field artillery training camp, originally named Camp Bragg until 1922. Became an Airborne Training Center in 1942. Located here is the 82nd Airborne Division War Memorial Museum, the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Museum, and the Airborne and Special Operations Museum.

Col. James Moore's Camp
(1776), near Hope Mills
Patriot forces under Col. Moore camped here prior to the Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge (February 1776). The site is located on Rockfish Creek.

Camp Caldwell
(1871), Robeson County
Established by troops from Fort Johnston in a roundup of a local criminal gang.

Town Creek Indian Mound (State Historic Site)
(1400 - 1550), near Mount Gilead
A reconstructed Late Mississippian Period (Pee Dee Culture) palisaded ceremonial complex with two mounds and mortuary. Visitor center on site.

Colson's Supply Depot
(1781), near Mount Gilead
A fortified supply depot for the Southern Continental Army.

Snow Camp British Encampment
(Snow Camp Historical Site)
(1781), Snow Camp
British forces under Major General Cornwallis camped here after the Battle of Guilford Courthouse (March 1781). From here the army then marched to Wilmington. Snow Camp was a Quaker settlement established before the war.

Occaneechi Indian Village
(c. 1700), Hillsborough
An ongoing reconstruction of an Occaneechi-Saponi Indian village on the banks of the Eno River downtown at the foot of South Cameron Street. Includes several huts and lodges, palisade, and gardens, interpreted to the early 1700's period.

Camp at Hillsborough
(1780 - 1782), Hillsborough
A major Patriot encampment established initially by Major General Baron DeKalb. Patriot Major General Horatio Gates retreated here after the Battle of Camden (August 1780). British Major General Cornwallis occupied the town in February 1781. Tory raiders under Col. David Fanning captured the town and Governor Thomas Burke in September 1781, precipitating the Battle of Lindley's Mill.

Camp Mason (2)
(1861), Graham
A CSA camp.

Governor Tryon's Camp
(1771), Alamance
Governor Tryon's colonial militia camped on Big Alamance Creek before and after the Battle of Alamance (May 1771) against the Regulators. Alamance Battleground State Historic Site

Camp Alamance
(1861 - 1865), Alamance
A CSA camp on the old Alamance Battleground.

Camp at Speedwell Ironworks
(1781), near Reidsville
The Patriot army's encampment prior to and after the Battle of Guilford Courthouse (March 1781). Defensive earthworks were constructed after the battle fearing a British counterattack which never came. Site located on Troublesome Creek southwest of town. Guilford Courthouse National Military Park

Tannenbaum Encampment
(Tannenbaum Historic Park)
(1781), Greensboro
The British staging area during the Battle of Guilford Courthouse (March 1781). This was the farmstead of Joseph Hoskins, the county sheriff. Park located at 2200 New Garden Road. Also here is the NC Colonial Heritage Center.

Camp Stokes (2)
(1860's), Greensboro
A CSA camp. A monument is on Battleground Ave..

Bethabara (Historic Park)
(1756 - 1761), Winston-Salem
A stockaded 1753 Moravian settlement with two forts that were built during the French and Indian War to protect the settlers against the Cherokee, and serve as a base of operations for the Catawbas, who were British allies. It was never directly attacked. This was the first Moravian settlement in North Carolina. Now a city park, the village has been reconstructed, along with the palisade and one of the forts. Admission fee.

Camp Fisher
(1862), Salisbury
A CSA training camp. Originally named Camp Hill (2).

Salisbury Military Prison
(1861 - 1865), Salisbury
A CSA stockade for Union POWs, built around an old cotton mill located on Horah Street. Good conditions were present until 1864 when 10,000 new POWs arrived from Richmond, VA. Over 3000 died from disease. Captured in April 1865 during General Stoneman's Raid. Nearby is the Salisbury National Cemetery at 202 Government Road, with an exhibit room.

Guatari Blockhouse
(1567), near Salisbury ?
A Spanish blockhouse built by the Juan Pardo Expedition on the Yadkin River at an Indian village known as Guatari. A five-man mission station was established here by Pardo in January or February 1567. Pardo returned for a second expedition, and on their way back in December 1567 the five men were picked up, and about 15 - 30 men were left behind in the fort, but they probably did not survive the winter.

Charlotte Encampment
(1780 - 1781), Charlotte
The British army under Major General Cornwallis encamped here in October 1780 and again in February 1781. The Patriot army under Major General Gates was here in November 1780, and where Major General Nathanael Greene took over command of the Southern Continental Army. Of interest here is the Hezekiah Alexander homesite (1774).

Camp Sloan
(1860's), Charlotte
A CSA camp located adjacent to the North Carolina Military Institute (1858), located at Morehead Street and Independence Blvd. Also in the area was CSA Camp Stokes (1)

Camp Greene
(1917 - 1919), Charlotte
A Federalized National Guard training encampment and demobilization center for the 3rd and 4th Divisions. Located two miles west of the city. After the war, several of the buildings became private homes. The Dowd House (1879) was used as the camp headquarters, now a museum. A stone monument to the camp is located at Wilkenson and Monument Streets.

Camp Chronicle
(1917 - 1919), Gastonia
An Army field artillery training camp supporting a firing range at the base of Crowder's Mountain to the west. Camp site located on the west-side of South Linwood Street.

Camp at Ramsour's Mill
(1780), near Lincolnton
A Loyalist/Tory encampment of 1,300 troops under Lt. Col. John Moore. Attacked by Patriots in June 1780. Exhibits at the Lincoln County Museum of History at 403 East Main Street.

Fort Dobbs (1) (State Historic Site)
(1755 - 1764, 1770's), Statesville
It was the only NC colonial militia fort on the frontier during the French and Indian War. It was 53-by-40 feet square with two three-story 24-by-22 square foot blockhouses. Daniel Boone served here with Major Hugh Waddell's Rangers. Attacked by Cherokees in 1760. The fort was later abandoned. The site was used on occasion by the NC state militia during the American Revolution. Located north of town on Fourth Creek.

Thomas Young's Fort
(1778), near Houstonville
A settlers' two-story log fort located two miles north of town. Also used as a Patriot supply depot for the area.

Fort Hamby
(1865), near Wilkesboro
A two-story log blockhouse. This was a fortified stronghold for criminals and Union deserters. Citizens captured it by force in May 1865. The site is now under the waters of the W. Kerr Scott Reservoir at Lewis Fork Creek.

Owens' Fort
(1756 or 1757 ?), Wilkes County ?
A stockaded compound under a cliff overhang, located somewhere in the Upper Yadkin River Valley. The outlaw Owens' Gang operated from here, pillaging outlying settler homes and travelers. A posse of settlers and Rangers came through Boone Gap via Fort Dobbs (1) to arrest the gang.

Deep Gap Fort
(1865), near Deep Gap
A palisaded Union fort built during Union General Stoneman's Raid (March 1865), once located on what is now the Blue Ridge Parkway. A marker is located on US 421. Troops were also posted at Watauga Gap, State Gap, and Sampson Gap.

Camp Watauga
(1863 - 1865), Watauga County
A CSA camp. Undetermined location, possibly Watauga Gap (?)

Blowing Rock Fort
(1865), Blowing Rock
A Union palisaded fort built after General Stoneman's Raid (March 1865) to guard the pass.

Fort Rollins
(1865), Blowing Rock
A palisaded CSA fort built after Union General Stoneman's Raid (April 1865).
(NOTE: this may be the same as Blowing Rock Fort above.)

Boone Court House Fort
(1865), Boone
The county court house was occupied and fortified by Union troops during General Stoneman's Raid (March 1865).

Camp Mast
(1863 - 1865), Sugar Grove
A CSA training camp. Captured by the Union in March 1865.

Fort Defiance (1)
(1776 - 1780), Yadkin Valley
A NC state militia fort used against the Cherokee. General William Lenoir's home was built beginning in 1788 on the site of the former frontier fort and took its name.

Camp Vance (4)
(1861 - 1864), near Drexel
A CSA training camp that was raided by the Union in 1864. Site located on Sequoia Circle, now a residential area west of town on US 70.

Colonel Graham's Fort
(1780), Grover
Home of Col. Graham and which served as a fort. It was raided by Tories in 1780.

William Cathey's Fort
(1776 - 1782), Woodlawn
A settlers' fort used by the NC state militia against the Cherokee. Known as William Wofford's Fort from 1782 to 1791.

Fort San Juan de Xuala
(1567), near Marion ?
A Spanish blockhouse built by the Juan Pardo Expedition at an Indian village known as Juada (or Joada or Joara), located at or near the headwaters of the Catawba River. About 30 men were left here for the winter in January 1567. Pardo returned in September 1567, but the garrison had moved to the village of Chiaha in Tennessee. On their way back to the coast in November or December 1567, another group of 15 - 30 men were left here, but they probably did not survive the winter. Hernando DeSoto visited Xuala in May 1540. Exhibits are at the History Museum of Burke County in Morganton.

Samuel Davidson's Fort
(1770 - 1776), Old Fort
Originally a fortified settlers' house until Davidson was killed in 1774. The NC state militia used the fort against the Cherokee in 1776, then also known as Fort Rutherford and Upper Fort.

Pott's Fort ? ?
(1760's ?, 1770's ?), McDowell County
A settlers' fort located at "Montford Cove" (undetermined location).

McFadden's Fort
(1760's - 1770's), near Rutherfordton
A settlers' fort located on Mountain Creek west of town. Still in use in 1776.

Camp at Gilbert Town
(1780), near Rutherfordton
A major Loyalist/Tory stronghold before the Battle of King's Mountain (October 1780), established by Major Patrick ("Bull Dog") Ferguson.

Camp Irwin
(1863), Rutherfordton
A CSA camp.

McGaughey's Fort
(1765 - 1780's), Westminster
A settlers' fort.

Civil War Defenses of Asheville
(1861 - 1865), Asheville
CSA camps located here included:
Camp Clingman (1) (1861), located on French Broad Ave. near Philip Street.
Camp Jeter, located at Cherry and Flint Streets.
Camp Patton (1861), located on Chestnut Street, east of Charlotte Street.
Camp Vance (1) (1861), located near Sulpher Springs (location ?).
Camp Winslow (3)
Camp Woodfin

Battery Porter, located on Battery Park Hill.
Traces of CSA earthwork gun emplacements (1865) remain on the grounds of UNC-Asheville Botanical Gardens.

French Broad River Forts
(1793), Madison County
The NC state militia built or used several forts during a campaign against the Cherokee and Creek Indians in 1793.
Burnt Canebrake Blockhouse near Hot Springs.
Painted Rock Blockhouse at Paint Rock.
Hough's Blockhouse a settlers' fort (undetermined location).
Warm Springs Blockhouse at Hot Springs.

Cooweechee Blockhouse
(1567), near Marshall ?
A Spanish blockhouse built by the Juan Pardo Expedition on the French Broad River (near Ivy Creek ?) at an Indian village known as Cooweechee or Cauchi. About 15 - 30 men were left here in November or December 1567, but they probably did not survive the winter.

Fort Huntington
(1836), Swain County ?
A Federal post in the Cherokee Nation. Undetermined location.

Fort Lindsay
(1838), Almond
A Federal fort used for the Cherokee Removals.

Fort Scott
(1838), Aquone
A Federal fort used for the Cherokee Removals.

Fort Embree
(Cherokee Removal Forts)
(1838), Hayesville
One of many Federal forts (most are in Georgia) that were gathering places for the removal of the Cherokee Nation. Located one mile southwest of town.

Fort Montgomery
(1838), Robbinsville
A Federal fort used for the Cherokee Removals.

Fort Delaney
(1838), Andrews
A Federal fort used for the Cherokee Removals.

Fort Butler
(Cherokee Removal Forts)
(1838), Murphy
A Federal fort used for the Cherokee Removals. Located across the Hiwassee River from town.

NEED MORE INFO: Eaton's Station (1776) (location ?); Camp Joe Harris Road in Wilkesboro.
Towns: Mud Castle near Halifax

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